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Moral Factors And Their Influence Upon Career Choices of High School Students
Lukášová, Hana ; Klusák, Miroslav (advisor) ; Vacek, Pavel (referee) ; Kirovová, Iva (referee)
The subject of this research, namely career choice of high school graduates, has been considered from the position of moral reasoning. Qualitative analysis of data collected from interviews carried out with 32 graduates identifies career choice to be a significant factor determining the identity of each graduate. The research is based on assumption that moral reasoning is nourished by each one's identity and loyality to oneself, respectively. The basis of this career identity is formed by so called "inveteracy", reflected by various ways in individual's attempt to make a choice that is authentic. Categorically speaking, there exist "plots", that make career selection process complicated, as well as "problematizations", that make any authentic choice virtually impossible. Career choice is interpreted by means of three domains throughout which it becomes apparent both how this process fosters the individual's relationship with the outside world, with those closest to him/her and with himself/herself and what kind of affect this relationship has on his/her very identity. During the research, career choice turns out to be a continual and complex process that far surpasses the actual period of submitting a college application.
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Development of moral judgment in case of the imperative of obedience to authority
Vejdovská, Barbora ; Klusák, Miroslav (advisor) ; Kučera, Miloš (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the development of moral reasoning. One of the best-known theorists of moral development is the Swiss psychologist Jean Piaget, whose research findings on development from heteronomous obedience to authority to autonomous morality have long been presented in developmental psychology textbooks, but are currently often criticized. William Damon, who in his 1977 book The Social World of the Child, directly refers to Piaget's theory of moral development and criticizes it in essence, states that he created his own theory of the development of children's conception of authority and its legitimacy. . The aim of the work is to contribute to this discussion on the basis of work with comparable empirical data. The theoretical part summarizes the most important findings from the research of both authors and introduces the most important concepts of their theories. At the same time, the first two research questions related to the comparison of the research situations of Piaget and Damon are answered. Semi-structured clinical interviews over three stories with a moral plot, which deals with unfairly tasking authority, were chosen as the research method. The research sample consisted of 60 respondents with a composition of children from kindergarten and two primary school classes....
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Moral Reasoning of People with Mild intellectual Disability
Hradilová, Tereza ; Němec, Zbyněk (advisor) ; Felcmanová, Lenka (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to describe and analyse the moral reasoning of people with mild intellectual disability, as well as to find out their understanding of more abstract terms of the moral domain, what the principle of their deciding is, and which values are important for them. In the first part, the thesis concentrates on the influence of the intellectual disability on the cognitive, emotional and personality aspects of the subjects. It also introduces several theories of the moral development, moral structure and values, and finally, the thesis presents the outcomes of the foreign research focused on the moral reasoning of people with intellectual disability. In six case studies in the empirical part, the thesis demonstrates the moral reasoning of people with mild intellectual disability, who have been respondents of exploratory interviews. In the concluding part, the thesis attempts to find some identical significant moments which might be characteristic of moral reasoning of people with mild intellectual disability, and put them into the context of other research and theories.
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How do first graders understand fairness? Moral reasoning in the primary social sciences
Síbrová, Radka ; Dvořáková, Michaela (advisor) ; Rybák, David (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with the concept of fairness perception by pupils of primary school. The aim of this work is to get to know the ways in which children at primary school think about fairness and what they consider fair and unfair. The theoretical part describes approaches to the topic in terms of psychology, pedagogy and ethics. The theoretical part consists of three main chapters. The first chapter deals with the concept of fairness and possible interpretations of this word. In the second chapter, the reader reads about the different concepts of moral reasoning. The thesis introduces the reader to the concept of moral development by Jean Piaget and the stage theory of Lawrence Kohlberg. The thesis also describes some theories of moral reasoning created by some of Kohlberg's followers or critics. The third chapter identifies some determinants that can influence moral reasoning when dealing with primary school pupils. The practical part consist of a research probe concerning the moral reasoning of pupils. This research probe works with a moral dilemma created by Jean Piaget. The moral dilemma concerns the perception of fairness and works with fair punishment. This dilemma is discussed with pupils in group interviews. The research probe was conducted with pupils of the second and third grade...
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Moral Factors And Their Influence Upon Career Choices of High School Students
Lukášová, Hana ; Klusák, Miroslav (advisor) ; Vacek, Pavel (referee) ; Kirovová, Iva (referee)
The subject of this research, namely career choice of high school graduates, has been considered from the position of moral reasoning. Qualitative analysis of data collected from interviews carried out with 32 graduates identifies career choice to be a significant factor determining the identity of each graduate. The research is based on assumption that moral reasoning is nourished by each one's identity and loyality to oneself, respectively. The basis of this career identity is formed by so called "inveteracy", reflected by various ways in individual's attempt to make a choice that is authentic. Categorically speaking, there exist "plots", that make career selection process complicated, as well as "problematizations", that make any authentic choice virtually impossible. Career choice is interpreted by means of three domains throughout which it becomes apparent both how this process fosters the individual's relationship with the outside world, with those closest to him/her and with himself/herself and what kind of affect this relationship has on his/her very identity. During the research, career choice turns out to be a continual and complex process that far surpasses the actual period of submitting a college application.
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Moral reasoning of older school age children
Oborná, Denisa ; Klusák, Miroslav (advisor) ; Neuwirthová, Barbora (referee)
The thesis deals with researching the ethical judgement in middle-school children, i.e. boy/girl scouts at the ages of eleven to fifteen years. I have gathered the underlying data by regularly attending the meetings of a boy/girl scout squad, observing and interviewing the children and, most importantly, consulting their scoutmasters, thereby gaining a comprehensive idea of the ethically ambiguous situations the children face during their time in the squad. I have defined my research area as a result of this. Together with the scoutmasters, we have then devised an activity that allowed us to have discussions with the children within the scope of the scout law, with the aim to gain an understanding of their ethical judgement. I have gained my theoretical sensitivity and overview of the general subject primarily from the works of Jean Piaget and Lawrence Kohlberg.
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The moral argumentation of the juniors and seniors: a possible impact on the intergenerational relationships.
Pilátová, Soňa ; Hájek, Martin (advisor) ; Trusinová, Romana (referee)
Does basic moral or normative system exist within the frame of the collective consciousness of the contemporary Czech society? Does the old generation have similar view on moral problems as the young people? These are the topics that are questioned by the bachelor thesis, the main aim is to explore moral argumentation of both generations. The data were collected by using the focus groups methodology. During the discussions the groups representing both generations were analyzing the moral dilemmas. The final outcomes show that the different generations of nowadays society consider the same moral values but through the different theories in ethics in some cases.
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